- Accessible
- Made so that everybody can use it, including people who cannot see, hear or move the way most people do.
- Alzheimer’s disease
- An illness that slowly damages the brain, usually in older people, so that remembering and thinking get harder. AI can help doctors spot it earlier.
- Artificial Intelligence (AI)
- Computer programmes made by people that can learn from data, find patterns and help solve problems. Very fast, but not a real brain.
- Autocorrect
- The thing on a phone or computer that changes what you typed into what it thinks you meant. That is an AI guessing, and it guesses wrong often enough to be funny.
- Bias
- When AI treats some people unfairly because of things like their gender, their ethnicity or race (where their family comes from and the colour of their skin), their religion or their ability (a disability). Often it is because the examples it learned from were unfair too. The computer does not notice by itself, so people need to check.
- Binary
- The computer’s own alphabet, made of just two signs: 0 and 1. Every photo, song and message is stored as a very long line of them.
- Bit and byte
- A bit is the smallest piece of computer data: one 0 or one 1. Eight bits together make one byte, which is just enough to store one letter, like A.
- Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
- A gas that goes into the air whenever we burn fuel: in cars, planes, power stations. Too much of it warms the whole planet up.
- Chatbot
- A computer programme you can chat with: you type or say something, and it writes or talks back. Many chatbots use AI to guess good words for an answer, so they can sound clever and still be wrong.
- Climate change
- The Earth getting warmer, year after year, mostly because we burn coal, oil and gas. It brings more heatwaves, floods and stronger storms. AI helps scientists measure it and predict what comes next.
- Code
- Instructions written in a special language that computers understand. They tell the computer exactly what to do, step by step. A set of code that does one job is called a programme.
- CPU
- The “brain” chip of a computer. It follows instructions one after another, very, very fast, so everything you ask the computer to do gets done.
- Creativity
- Making something that was not there before: a story, a tune, a way out of a problem. AI can rearrange what it has seen; deciding what is worth making is yours.
- Curiosity
- Wanting to know how something works, and asking until you do. It is the one thing every good scientist, engineer and artist has in common.
- Cyber attack
- When someone tries to break into computers to steal, damage or block what is on them. AI can help spot the attempt early.
- Data
- All the information an AI learns from: photos, words, numbers, sounds. AI learns from data and works with it. Good data helps make a good AI; messy or unfair data can make a messy or unfair one.
- Data centre
- A huge building full of computers that run day and night. Big AIs learn and work in data centres, which use lots of electricity, and water to keep them cool.
- Deep learning
- Machine learning with a neural network that has lots of layers. “Deep” means many layers, not deep thoughts. Many of today’s AIs, like the ones that recognise faces or voices, learn this way.
- Deepfake
- A fake video, photo or voice recording made by AI that looks or sounds real, but isn't. Always double-check!
- Deforestation
- Cutting down a forest faster than it can grow back. Satellites and AI can see it happening from space, almost as it happens.
- Diagnosis
- Working out which illness someone actually has. A machine can spot something odd in a picture; naming the illness and deciding what to do is a doctor’s job.
- Disability
- Something about a person’s body or mind that makes parts of the world harder to use, like not being able to see a screen, hear a voice, or climb stairs. Good design fixes the world, not the person.
- Eco-friendly
- Kind to the planet: using less energy, making less rubbish, doing less harm to animals, plants and air.
- Ethics
- Thinking carefully about what is right and wrong, and what is fair. For AI, ethics asks questions like: Is this AI fair to everyone? Who could it hurt?
- Fake News
- False information made to look true, sometimes written or spread by AI. That's why checking your sources matters!
- Flu outbreak
- When a lot of people in the same place catch flu at the same time. Spotting one early gives hospitals time to get ready.
- Gene
- A tiny instruction inside your body that helps decide things like your eye colour. You have about 20,000 different genes, and for most of them you get one copy from each parent.
- Green AI
- Building and running AI so that it uses as little energy as possible: smaller AI models, cleaner electricity, and machines that are not left running for nothing.
- Hallucination
- When AI makes something up and says it as if it were true. It is not lying on purpose. It is guessing what sounds right. Check anything that matters.
- Hardware
- The parts of a computer you can actually touch: the screen, the keyboard, the chips inside.
- Humanities
- Subjects like history, ethics and philosophy that help us understand people, society and right from wrong, skills AI still can't fully replace.
- Innovate
- To make something that did not exist before, or find a much better way of doing something. Inventing, improving, trying the idea nobody has tried yet.
- Labelling data
- Adding the right answer to each example so an AI can learn from it, like writing “cat” on a photo of a cat. People often do this by hand. If the labels are wrong, the AI learns mistakes.
- Machine Learning
- The way AI learns. Nobody writes the rules down: the computer looks at thousands of examples and works the rules out for itself.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- A medical scan that takes pictures inside your body. AI can help doctors read some MRIs faster and spot diseases earlier.
- AI model
- What an AI has become after training: the part that does the answering, spotting or predicting. Like a recipe someone has learnt by heart.
- Monitor
- To keep watching something so you notice the moment it changes. A machine that monitors a patient checks their heartbeat and breathing all night without getting tired.
- Neural network
- An AI made of lots of tiny maths parts, called artificial neurons, joined together in layers. Each part passes a number on to the next one. The idea came from the brain, but it works very differently.
- Over-Reliance
- Depending on AI so much that you stop thinking for yourself. Always use your own brain too!
- Pandemic
- When an illness spreads to lots of countries around the world at the same time, like the coronavirus did in 2020. AI can help spot the first signs early.
- Pattern
- Something that keeps coming back: the same shape, the same word, the same colour. Finding patterns is the thing AI is best at.
- Personalised
- Made to fit one person. A personalised lesson goes slower where you find it hard and faster where you don’t.
- Power grid
- The web of cables that carries electricity from where it is made to every house, school and hospital. A "smart" grid uses AI to send power where it is needed.
- Privacy
- Your right to keep personal information (like your name, address or photos) safe and only shared with people you trust.
- Professionals
- People who are trained to do a particular job and are paid for it: a doctor, a pilot, a teacher, an engineer.
- Protein
- A tiny machine inside every living thing. Proteins build your muscles, carry oxygen and fight germs. AI can now guess their shape, which helps scientists look for new medicines.
- RAM
- The computer’s short-term memory. It holds what you are working on right now, so the computer can reach it quickly. When you switch the computer off, it forgets it all.
- Reinforcement learning
- A way for AI to learn by trying things out. It gets points for good moves and loses points for bad ones, until it finds what works best. Like levelling up in a game.
- Repetitive
- The same thing over and over again. People get bored and start making mistakes; a computer does not mind at all.
- Satellite
- A machine that flies around the Earth, high up in space. Some satellites take pictures of the ground, and AI can spot changes in them, like a forest being cut down.
- Scan
- A picture of the inside of a body, taken by a machine instead of a camera: an x-ray, an MRI, an ultrasound.
- Software
- The programmes that tell the hardware what to do. You cannot touch software. It is instructions, written as code.
- Solar panel
- A flat panel that turns sunlight into electricity. AI helps work out where to put them and when to tilt them at the sun.
- Supervised learning
- A way for AI to learn from examples that already have the right answer on them, like photos labelled “cat” or “dog”. A bit like practising with flashcards.
- Surveillance
- Watching people to see what they do, with cameras, phones or computers. Watching people in secret can hurt their privacy, so many countries have rules about when it is allowed.
- Sustainable
- Done in a way that can go on for a very long time without using up the planet: taking only as much as can grow back, and wasting as little as possible.
- Transparency
- Being open about how something works, so people can see inside it, like looking through a window. With a transparent AI, people can find out how it made a decision.
- UI/UX design
- Designing how an app or website looks and how it feels to use: where the buttons go, what happens when you tap one, and whether the whole thing makes sense.
- Unsupervised learning
- A way for AI to learn when nobody gives it the answers. It looks through lots of data and puts things that are alike into groups, all on its own.
- Vaccine
- A medicine that teaches your body how to fight an illness before you ever catch it. AI helps scientists find new vaccines faster.